Missouri State Income Tax in 2025: A Guide

Missouri has a graduated income tax system, which means  your taxable income is divided into segments (or “brackets”) and each segment is taxed at a progressively higher rate. For the 2025 tax year (the return you’ll file in 2026), tax brackets in the Show Me State range from 0% to 4.7%, with higher-earning taxpayers paying the top rate.

Your tax liability is  influenced by various factors,  including your filing status, income level, and any deductions or credits taken. This  guide can help you better understand your tax obligation as a full-year resident, part-year resident, or nonresident of Missouri so that you can  plan strategically  to minimize your tax liability. 

*Note you are still responsible for federal taxes if you meet the IRS income filing threshold. This article addresses Missouri state taxes only.

Missouri state income tax rates

The eight Missouri state income tax brackets make it one of the most complex states for tax filing in 2025. Your tax bracket depends on your taxable income and ranges from 0% to 4.7%.  Regardless of your tax bracket, Missouri state income taxes are due on April 15, 2026, which aligns with the federal deadline. 

Missouri’s income tax brackets are based on income level and remain the same across all filing statuses. However, the standard deduction varies depending on filing status, which ultimately affects how much income is subject to tax within each tax bracket. 

The table below breaks down the 2025 tax rates and the corresponding tax brackets:

Taxable Income	Tax Rate
$0 to $1,313	$0 (0%)
$1,314 to $2,626	2% of excess over $1,313
$2,627 to $3,939	$26 plus 2.5% of excess over $2,626
$3,940 to $5,252	$59 plus 3% of excess over $3,939
$5,253 to $6,565	$98 plus 3.5% of excess over $5,252
$6,566 to $7,878	$144 plus 4% of excess over $6,565
$7,879 to $9,191	$197 plus 4.5% of excess over $7,878
$9,192 and over	$256 plus 4.7% of excess over $9,191

Source: Missouri Department of Revenue

What is the standard deduction in Missouri?

The standard deduction reduces your taxable income and makes it easier to calculate your state taxes. Instead of itemizing deductions, many taxpayers can take the standard deduction. It’s especially beneficial to those who don’t want to calculate individual deductions or have itemized deductions totaling less than the standard deduction amount.

In Missouri, the standard deduction amounts differ based on your filing status. For the 2025 tax year, they are:

• Single: $15,750 
• Married filing combined and qualifying widow(er): $31,500 
• Married filing separately: $15,750 
• Head of household: $23,625 
• Claimed as a dependent: $1,300 or $450 plus earned income, up to $15,750

Taxpayers who are over the age of 65 or blind qualify for an additional standard deduction amount, depending on their filing status:

• $1,600 for taxpayers filing married filing combined, married filing separate, and qualifying widow(er)
• $2,000 for taxpayers claiming a filing status of single and head of household

Who has to file Missouri state income tax?

Missouri typically requires taxpayers to file a state income tax return if they file a federal return. There are, however, a few exceptions: 

• Residents: You don’t need to file if your Missouri adjusted gross income is less than $1,200. 
• Nonresidents: Filing isn’t required if you earned less than $600 of Missouri income. 
• If your Missouri adjusted gross income is less than the standard deduction for your filing status, you may not need to file.

Note: If Missouri taxes are withheld from your income on Form W-2, you must file a return to claim a refund of the tax withheld even if you are not otherwise required to file a return.

How Missouri residency impacts tax filing

Missouri recognizes three residency statuses for state tax purposes: resident, part-year resident, and nonresident. Your residency status determines how much of your income the state taxes and which forms you need to file.  

Although Missouri’s residency rules can be a bit complex, we’ve simplified these rules in the table below: 

Residency status	Definition	How Missouri taxes income
Resident	Someone who considers Missouri their permanent home or has a permanent place to live in Missouri and spends more than 183 days of the year in the state.	Missouri taxes all income earned, no matter where it is earned.
Part-year resident	Moved into or out of Missouri during the tax year.	Missouri taxes income earned while living in Missouri.
Nonresident	Lived outside Missouri for the entire year or spent 30 days or less in Missouri.	Missouri taxes only Missouri-sourced income.

Understanding your residency status is vital to correctly filing your Missouri tax return and will help you determine which credits or deductions you can take.

Other income tax considerations in Missouri

Missouri taxes various types of income differently. Here is a breakdown of how the state treats specific income sources:

• Retirement and pension income tax: Military pensions are tax-free. Public pensions are exempt up to the maximum amount of Social Security benefits each year, and private pensions (IRAs and 401(k)s) are exempt up to $6,000 per taxpayer. 
• Investment income tax: New for 2025, Missouri does not tax capital gains. See Capital Gains Subtraction FAQs.
• Social Security income tax: Social Security benefits are tax-exempt in Missouri. 
• Military income tax: Nonresident military pay is not taxable. Missouri residents must pay tax  if they are stationed in the state or spend more than 30 days in the state. Active duty members of the military who are not residents of Missouri and have no income from Missouri sources must file a No Return Required – Military Online Form.

Common Missouri state income tax credits

Missouri offers several tax credits to help reduce your state income tax liability. The table below highlights popular credits, their descriptions, and their impact on taxable income: 

Tax credit	Description	Amount
Missouri Working Family Credit	Equal to 20% of the federal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC).	Varies based on federal EITC amount; maximum federal credit for the 2025 tax year is $8,046.
Adoption Tax Credit	Covers qualified adoption expenses to help families with child adoption costs.	Up to $10,000 in adoption expenses.
Missouri Property Tax Credit	Helps senior citizens and disabled individuals with a portion of their property taxes or rent paid.	Up to $750 for renters and $1,100 for owners.
Various Donation Credits	Credits for donations to food pantries, diaper banks, shelters, child advocacy centers, and more.	Varies by program.

For a full list of Missouri state income tax credits, visit Missouri’s Department of Revenue website.  

These credits can provide significant tax savings, making it worthwhile to explore which ones you may be eligible to claim.

How to file Missouri state income tax

Filing your Missouri state tax return doesn’t have to be complicated. TurboTax can make the process simple and stress-free, whether you do your taxes on your own or get help from a professional.

TurboTax expert guidance helps you file your taxes and get every Missouri tax credit and deduction you qualify for. Keep more of your hard-earned money, whether you’re a resident, nonresident, or something in between. We make filing your taxes a smooth process while helping you get the highest refund you’re entitled to. Need help from a local tax expert in Missouri? Connect with Missouri TurboTax professionals for expert advice.